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What is the fourth element on the periodic table and what are its common uses?

Beryllium is the lightest of all the alkaline earth metals, with a density about 30% less than that of aluminum.

Despite its light weight, beryllium is remarkably strong and rigid, with a high melting point of 1,287°C (2,349°F).

Beryllium is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, making it useful for heat sinks in electronic devices.

The element is found naturally in the mineral beryl, which includes emeralds and aquamarines as gem varieties.

Beryllium is used as a strengthening agent in metal alloys, particularly in copper and aluminum alloys, used in things like automotive parts and tools.

Due to its low atomic number and high stiffness, beryllium is used to create specialized X-ray "windows" that allow the X-rays to pass through with minimal absorption.

Beryllium oxide is an important ceramic material used in electronics, electrical insulators, and nuclear reactor components due to its high thermal conductivity.

The element has found application in missile guidance systems, spacecraft structures, and nuclear weapons components because of its lightweight and high strength-to-weight ratio.

Beryllium is classified as a "strategic" and "critical" element by the U.S.

government due to its importance in defense and aerospace applications.

Exposure to beryllium dust or fumes can cause a serious lung condition called chronic beryllium disease, so handling of the element requires great care.

Beryllium is relatively rare in the Earth's crust, making up only about 2-6 parts per million by weight.

Beryllium was first isolated in 1798 by French chemist Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin, who discovered it in the mineral beryl.

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