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Does the periodic table include all known elements in the universe?
As of October 2023, there are 118 confirmed chemical elements in the periodic table, ranging from hydrogen (atomic number 1) to oganesson (atomic number 118).
The periodic table does not include hypothetical or undiscovered elements - it only represents the currently known elements recognized by the scientific community.
While the periodic table covers all the naturally occurring elements, it does not contain all possible isotopes or compounds of those elements, as they can have vastly different properties.
Oganesson, the element with the highest atomic number (118), was only discovered in 2002 and officially named in 2016, showing that the periodic table continues to expand with new discoveries.
Technetium (atomic number 43) was the first element to be artificially produced in a laboratory, as it does not occur naturally on Earth.
There are currently 4 elements beyond uranium (atomic number 92) that do not have any stable isotopes, meaning they are radioactive with extremely short half-lives.
The periodic table is arranged based on the atomic number and electron configuration of the elements, allowing their chemical properties to be predicted and classified.
Alkali metals like lithium, sodium, and potassium are so reactive that they must be stored in oil to prevent spontaneous ignition when exposed to air or water.
Noble gases like helium, neon, and argon are chemically inert, meaning they rarely form compounds with other elements under normal conditions.
Transition metals, such as iron, copper, and gold, are known for their unique magnetic, conductive, and catalytic properties.
Lanthanides and actinides, often referred to as the "f-block" elements, are characterized by their partially filled 4f and 5f electron shells, respectively.
Hydrogen, the lightest element, can exist in three different isotopic forms: protium, deuterium, and tritium, each with unique properties and applications.
Carbon, the foundation of organic chemistry, can form an astounding number of compounds due to its ability to form four covalent bonds.
Fluorine, the most electronegative element, is so reactive that it can even oxidize water, making it extremely hazardous to handle.
The periodic table is not a static representation of the elements, as new elements are continuously being discovered and added, reflecting the ongoing advancements in scientific knowledge.
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